Retraction and Correction Policy

1. Purpose and Scope

This policy sets out the principles and procedures for correcting or retracting published articles when errors, ethical concerns, or misconduct are identified. It applies to all articles published in Primatika : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika and is designed to preserve the integrity, transparency, and reliability of the scholarly record.

The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against publication malpractice. Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern are handled in accordance with this policy and the standards of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

2. Definitions

• Corrigendum: A correction initiated by the author(s) to address a significant error that affects the accuracy of the published work but does not undermine its overall validity.
• Erratum: A correction initiated by the publisher or editor to address an error introduced during the production process or an error that affects the published record.
• Retraction: A notice that the published article is unreliable or unethical and should no longer be considered part of the reliable scholarly record. The original article is not removed but is clearly marked as retracted.
• Expression of Concern: A notice indicating that concerns about an article are under investigation and that readers should interpret the findings with caution pending resolution.

3. Corrections (Erratum and Corrigendum)

Once an article has been electronically published, changes cannot be made to the published version. Corrections of significant errors may only be made through the publication of a separate correction notice.

3.1 When a Correction Is Issued

• A Corrigendum is issued when the author(s) identify a significant error that affects the accuracy of the published work but does not invalidate the main findings.
• An Erratum is issued when the journal or publisher identifies an error introduced during production or an error that affects the published record.
• Minor errors that do not affect the scientific content or conclusions may be addressed through an author note or editorial note at the discretion of the Editor-in-Chief.

3.2 Correction Process

1. The error is reported to the Editor-in-Chief by the author(s), a reader, a reviewer, or an editor.
2. The Editor-in-Chief assesses the nature and significance of the error and determines whether a correction is warranted.
3. The corresponding author is invited to submit a correction notice detailing the error and the corrected information.
4. The correction notice undergoes editorial review and, where necessary, peer review.
5. Upon approval, the correction is published and linked to the original article.

4. Retractions

A retraction may be issued when the published article is found to be unreliable, unethical, or otherwise unsuitable for the scholarly record.

4.1 Grounds for Retraction

• Data fabrication or falsification;
• Plagiarism or redundant publication;
• Unethical research conduct;
• Authorship disputes that cannot be resolved;
• Failure to disclose conflicts of interest that materially affect the work;
• Significant errors that invalidate the findings and cannot be corrected;
• Use of material without permission or legal authorization.

4.2 Retraction Process

1. Concerns are reported to the Editor-in-Chief and assessed in consultation with the editorial board and, where appropriate, the publisher.
2. The authors are notified and given an opportunity to respond to the concerns.
3. If the concerns are substantiated, a retraction notice is prepared explaining the reason for retraction and the affected parts of the article.
4. The retraction notice is published and linked to the original article.

5. Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be published when the journal receives credible information about potential problems with a published article and the investigation is ongoing. The notice alerts readers that concerns exist and that the findings should be interpreted with caution. The Expression of Concern remains linked to the article until the matter is resolved, at which point a correction or retraction may be issued.

6. Editorial Decision-Making and Appeals

Decisions regarding corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern are made by the Editor-in-Chief in consultation with the editorial board and, where appropriate, the publisher. Decisions are based on the severity of the issue, the available evidence, and the standards of COPE.

Authors who wish to appeal a correction or retraction decision may submit a written appeal to the editorial office. The appeal will be reviewed by the Editor-in-Chief or a designated editorial board member who was not involved in the original decision.

7. Preservation of the Academic Record

All correction and retraction notices are published with a DOI and are permanently linked to the original article. The journal ensures that the scholarly record remains transparent, traceable, and accessible. Retracted articles are not deleted; they remain in the public domain with clear notification of their status.

8. Compliance and Policy Review