Accuracy testing and verification of rigid body equilibrium theory using a torque balance demonstrator

Anugrah Putri Nur'aini; Mauda Ramadhanty; Lia Fara Camelia Nabila; Herlina Oktafiana; Atin Nuryadin; Muliati Syam

doi:10.30872/jsel.v1i1.6527

Authors

Anugrah Putri Nur'aini Mulawarman University
Mauda Ramadhanty Mulawarman University
Lia Fara Camelia Nabila Mulawarman University
Herlina Oktafiana Mulawarman University
Atin Nuryadin Mulawarman University
Muliati Syam Mulawarman University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30872/jsel.v1i1.6527

Keywords:

Physics teaching aid, Rigid body equilibrium, Torque, Experiment, Learning media

Abstract

The concepts of torque and rigid body equilibrium are often perceived as abstract and difficult for students, a challenge exacerbated by the scarcity of high-precision instructional aids. This study evaluates the accuracy of rigid body equilibrium theory through the development of a Torque Balance Demonstrator. Employing a quantitative laboratory experimental method, the research systematically varied load mass and lever arm length to compare empirical data with theoretical predictions. The apparatus was constructed from homogeneous PVC to ensure mechanical stability and integrated a laser-based indicator system to eliminate parallax error and objectively identify the equilibrium point. The results demonstrate a strong linear correlation between the lever arm and the resulting torque, consistent with theoretical principles. Although minor discrepancies were observed, the laser system effectively minimized observational error, maintaining a margin of error below 2%. Consequently, the Torque Balance Demonstrator is a precise and reliable instrument for physics education, capable of mitigating misconceptions and enhancing conceptual mastery of rotational dynamics.

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