Kandungan total senyawa fenol, total senyawa flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ektsrak etanol kulit batang sekilang (Embelia borneensis Scheff.)
Abstract
Kulit batang sekilang (Embelia borneensis Scheff.) secara empiris oleh suku Dayak Kenyah digunakan untuk penangkapan ikan di sungai dan mengusir lintah. Flavonoid merupakan kelompok terbesar dari senyawa fenolik yang memiliki sifat sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan total senyawa fenol, total senyawa flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol kulit batang sekilang. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi, penetapan kadar fenol dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu, penetapan kadar flavonoid dengan metode AlCl3 dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode 2,2 -diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak etanol kulit batang sekilang mengandung total senyawa fenol sebesar 42,605 mg GAE/g ekstrak dan total senyawa flavonoid sebesar 6,165 mg QE/g ekstrak. Ekstrak etanol kulit batang sekilang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 141,27 ppm dengan kategori aktivitas sedang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahwa kulit batang sekilang memiliki potensi sebagai agen antioksidan alami.
Downloads
References
Al-Farsi, M., Alasalvar, C., Al-Abid, M., Al-Shoaily, K., Al-Amary, M., & Al-Rawahy, F. (2007). Compositional and functional characteristic of dates, syrup, and their by products. Food Chemistry, 104(3), 943-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.051
Andriani, D dan Murtisiwi. (2018). Penetapan kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy, 2(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.31596/cjp.v2i1.15
Azizah, D. N., Kumolowati, E. & Faramayuda, F. (2014). Penetapan kadar flavonoid metode AlCl3 pada ekstrak metanol kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Kartika: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi. 2(2), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.26874/kjif.v2i2.14
Biswas, R. Dasgupta, A. Mitra, A. Roy, S.K. Dutta, P.K. Achari, B. Dastidar, S.G., Chatterjee. (2005). Isolation, purification and characterization of four pure compounds from the root extract of Pluchea indica Less
and the potentiality of the root extract and the pure compounds for antimicrobial activity. European Bulletin of Drug Research, 13, 63-70
Ghasemzadeh, A. & Ghasemzadeh N. (2011). Flavonoids and phenolic acids: Role and biochemical activity in plants and human. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(31), 6697-6703. doi:10.5897/jmpr11.1404
Idroes, R., Khairan, Fakhri, F. (2017). Skrining aktivitas tumbuhan yang berpotensi sebagai bahan antimikroba di kawasan Ie Jue (upflow geothermal zone) Aceh Besar. Herbal Medicine Reseach Centre LPPM Universitas Syiah Kuala.
Hanin, N. N. F. & Pratiwi, R. (2017). Kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun paku laut (Acrostichum aureum L.) fertil dan steril di Kawasan Mangrove Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 2(X), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.29819
Harborne, J. B. (1973). Phytochemical Methods. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5921-7_2
Hernani, M.R. & Rahardjo, M. (2006). Tanaman berkhasiat antioksidan. Penebar Swadaya.
Huang, D., Ou, B., Prior, & R. L. (2005). The chemistry behind antioxidant capacity assays. Journal of Agricultur and Food Chemistry, 53(6), 1841–1856. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030723c
Januarti, I. B., Taufiq, H., & Sulistyaningsih. (2019). The correlation of total flavonoid and total phenolic with antioxidant activity of single bulb garlic (Allium sativum) from tawangmangu and magetan. Jurnal Farmasi Sains Dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Community), 16(2), 96-103. https://doi.org/10.24071/jpsc.001798
Jun, M., Fu, H. -Y., Hong, J., Wang, X., Yang, C. S., & Ho, C. T. (2003). Comparison of antioxidant activities of isoflavones from kudzu root (Pueraria lobate Ohwi). Journal of Food Science, 68(6), 2117-2122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb07029.x
Marinova, D., Ribarova, F., Atanassova, M. (2005). Total phenolics and total flavonoids in Bulgarian fruits and vegetables. Journal of the University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 40(3), 255-260. https://journal.uctm.edu/node/j2005-3/Marinova.pdf
Molyneux, P. (2004). The use of stable free radical diphenylpicryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 26(2), 211-219. http://rdo.psu.ac.th/sjst/article.php?art=214
Neldawati, Ratnawulan & Gusnedi. (2013). analisis nilai absorbansi dalam penentuan kadar flavonoid untuk berbagai jenis daun tanaman obat. Pillar of Physics, 2, 76-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/756171074
Papoti, V.T., Xystouris, S., Papagianni, G., & Tsimidou, M.Z. (2011). “Total flavonoid” content assessment via aluminum [Al(III)] complexation reactions: What we really measure?. Italian Journal of Food Science, 23(3), 252-259.
Rathi, S. G., Bhaskar, V. H., & Patel, G.P. (2010). Antifungal activity of Embelia ribes plants extracts. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research, 1 (1), 6-10.
Ratulangi. R. Y., Amaliah D., & Aktsar. R. A. (2016). Penetapan kadar flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanolik daun benalu mangga (Dendrophthe pentandra (L.) Miq). Jurnal Fitokimia Indonesia. 1(1), 14-17. https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v1i1.195
Rohman, A., Riyanto, S., Yuniarti, N., Saputra, W.R., Utami, R, & Mulatsih, W. (2010). Antioxidant activity, total phenolic, and total flavonoid of extracts and fractions of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam). International Food Research Journal, 17, 97–106. http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my/17%20(01)%202010/(11)%20IFRJ-2010-97-106%20Rohman%20Indonesia.pdf
Sánchez-Rangel, J. C., Benavides, J., Heredia, J. B. Cisneros-Zevallosc, L. & Jacobo-Velázquez, D. A. (2013). The Folin–Ciocalteu assay revisited: improvement of its specificity for total phenolic content determination. Analytical Methods, 5(21), 5990–5999. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ay41125g
Souravi K. & Rajasekharan, P. E. (2014) Ethnopharmacological uses of Embelia ribes Burm. F. - A review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS), 9(3), 23-30. https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jpbs/papers/Vol9-issue3/Version-3/F09332330.pdf
Supriningrum, R., Sundu., R, Sentat T., Kumalasari & Niah, R. (2021). Karakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak kulit batang sekilang (Embelia borneensis Scheff.). Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina, 6(2), 196-205. https://doi.org/10.36387/jiis.v6i2.677
Turumtay, E. A., İslamoğlu, F., Çavuş, D., Şahin, H., Turumtay, H., & Vanholme, B. (2014). Correlation between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Anzer tea (Thymus praecox Opiz subsp. caucasicus var. caucasicus). Industrial Crops and Products, 52, 687–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.11.042
Vermerris, W. & Nicholson, R. (2006). Phenolic compound biochemistry. Springer
Wang X., Ding, G., Liu B., and Wang Q. (2017). Analysis of flavonoids and antioxidants in extracts of ferns from Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province (China), Industrial Crops and Products, 97, 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.12.013
Widowati, W., Safitri, R., Rumumpuk, R. & Siahaan M. (2005). Penapisan aktivitas superoksida dismutase pada berbagai tanaman. Jurnal Kedokteran Maranatha (Maranatha Journal of Medicine and Health). 5(1), 33-48. https://www.neliti.com/publications/148578/penapisan-aktivitas-superoksida-dismutase-pada-berbagai-tanaman#cite
Zuraidah, Sulistiyani, Sajuthi, D., Suparto, I. H. (2017). Fenol, flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak kulit batang pulai (Alstonia scholaris R.Br). Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 35(3), 211-219. https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2017.35.3.211-219
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- The author retains the copyright and grants the journal right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- The author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- The author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work