Saranjana in Historical Record: The City's Invisibility in Pulau Laut, South Kalimantan

Saranjana is a mystical city that is a myth for the people of Pulau Laut, South Kalimantan. Rumours about this mysterious city became increasingly excited because its existence, but not recorded on the map of Indonesia. Therefore it is very interesting to examine from a historical point of view. The purpose of this paper is to uncover the historical side of the occult city suggestion on Pulau Laut. This study using the method of history is a method to test and analyze the critical records and relics of the past. The historical method consists of four stages, namely heuristics (data collection), source criticism, interpretation (interpreting facts) and historiography. The results show exist of Saranjana in a place between fact and myth. In conclusion, there are two hypotheses that the Saranjana is ethnic state Dayak Samihim tribe. Then the second hypothesis, that Saranjana is (only) the dream country of Prince Purabaya in the 18th century AD.


INTRODUCTION
Saranjana was already famous for the community of South Kalimantan. Rumours of this mysterious town problem becoming increasingly excited because of his existence, but not recorded in the map of Indonesia. Saranjana is a town of invisibility that cannot be seen by laymen, except with the inner eye. Communities in Kotabaru would have never heard the story of the mystical and occult, which is from generation to generation by word of mouth. About the place, diverse versions.
The first version only wrote that purportedly located in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan. On the second version sets forth that Saranjana is located in the Bay of Tamiang, Sea Island. The third version is more emphatically States that the location of the region of Saranjana is on a small hill in the village of Oka Oka-Marine Sea Island Subdistrict, South Kalimantan. The hills bordering the sea is beautiful and suitable tourist destinations. However, this place is considered haunted by the people around.

METHOD
This research uses historical method i.e. methods to test and analyze critically the recording and the relics of the past. Using the historical method, researchers trying to reconstruct as many of the events of the past. The use of this method is also simultaneously to test the credibility of sources as this report writing material. The historical method comprises four stages, i.e. heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography.

Saranjana Region: Between Facts and Myths
How a historical perspective? The existence of Saranjana is a fact. Salomon Muller (1845), Germany naturalist who was born in Heidelberg, in the map titled Kaart van de Kust-en Binnenlanden van Banjermasing tot behoorende de zuidelijke Reize in het gedelte van Borneo (map of the coastal areas and inland Borneo), the year 1845 describes that there is the area that he wrote as Tandjong Serandjana. It is located south of Pulau Laut. Exactly Poeloe Kroempoetan (Kerumputan Island) adjoining the territory and Poeloe Kidjang (Kijang Island).
In his capacity as a cartographer, Salomon Muller served as a member of the des Scientifically, there is indeed a mental fact in the minds of the public supporting the belief of "the myth of the Saranjana" in Kotabaru. Bottom line, if there is a deliberately seek out areas of Saranjana, most of them will not be found. In addition to rows of facts from the Netherlands East Indies source described previously, there are indeed other sources. Sources certainly do not get left behind. To make the myth became real should be started from myths. show where a "nest". Historical elements of proof in the context of lingua-historical will only be up there. The cause, minimal data. No sources indicating the existence of a relationship between the two areas. That is, this opinion only matching that has not been able to achieve adequate hypothesis.
The second thing is the terminology if compared with a vocabulary of India, "Saranjana" that means the given land. It is revealed by Indian Historian, Chaudhri (1919)  Always help each other and alert". In conclusion, the name of which later Ranjana Sambu undergo "evolution" pronunciation became "Saranjana" in the local tongue.
Gambar 3. The location of the cave is believed to be the public entrance to the Saranjana Can this myth be trusted? How much the degree of truth? What about the historical element? Normasunah in his paper answers it. The myth is a part of the language that the substance lies not in style, rhythm or syntax, but on the story that disclosed. The function of myth lies in a special landscape in which the meanings of escape from a purely linguistic. The myth is language that is a structure that is actualized every time a particular story re-telling. Of opinion with historical perspective this lingua-at least not provide important information. The

Saranjana, the Ethnic State of Dayak Tribe Samihim: An Early Hypothesis
Like looking for a needle in a haystack. Such is the depiction of reality side efforts searching for the mythical area of Saranjana. The closer, the road is getting dark. The side of the occult, metaphysics that eventually many flourished in this realm. Nevertheless, the scientific side is not the depiction of things unseen. Extreme sentencing: "scientific research does not believe the things that are unseen".
Scientific research is based on the scientific method. Historical Method of History. One of the stages is interpretation. At this stage, it does generate many hypotheses (temporary conjecture). This is due to the lack of written data so that the main basis of researching Saranjana is based only on oral sources. Nevertheless methodologically, it can still reach it. In a sense, with the historical method, keep trying to reveal the existence of Saranjana although only until the alleged level is temporary. Of course, new data might be able to change it.
Tracing the existence of the Saranjana region in a scientific perspective raises some provisional conjecture. Next, it can increase its status to theory. The first hypothesis, that the year 1660 based on the record Goh Yoon Fong, Pulau Laut has become a land apanage Prince Purabaya from the Sultanate of Banjar. Fong (1969) writes: "Banjar nobility decided that Raden Bagus was appointed as Sultan of Banjar with the title of Sultan Amarullah Bagus Kusuma (1660-1663). And as a tribute and reward of peace, Prince Purabaya was awarded Pulau Laut area as his apanage land".
Saranjana early day is an ethnic state or tribal state. This is in line with Kulke's Theory (1986)  According to Kulke (1986), in Vida, the ethnic or ethnic state is made up of only one ethnic and its order is governed by a tradition transformed from ancestry to the next. The Tribe Head is Sambu Ranjana. Originally embracing animist beliefs. But as it progressed, it began to get along Hindu influence. This is evidenced by the name Sambu Ranjana that is influenced by Hindu elements. The nomadic Dayak tribe had a glorious experience. In the end, the Dayak Samihim tribe left the Saranjana area due to war with foreign powers that came with the boat, attacked the population and destroyed its territory. Despite leaving its territory, the name of the Samakim Dayak power centre in Pulau Laut is still called Saranjana.

From Banjar to Saranjana: Between the Prahara and the Dreamland of Purabaya
The "historical fact" searching process of this Saranjana eventually led to a long discussion. Especially the search process and get a conclusion. As a scientific comparison in the methodological framework, history became an option (Thompson, 2012;Vansina, 2014). Of course from the historical side trying to dig with the approach of social science and language. This paper ultimately boils down to a colonial source such as The Governor's letter of Macassar  Then, what to do with advice? Here comes the second hypothesis about Saranjana. This hypothesis, that the suggestion is "the myth of the region or government of the advanced kingdom" which became the ideals of Prince Purabaya and his son, Gusti Busu. So the Saranjana area is a kind of "collective memory" ie as the "land of dreams" of the first landowner apanage Pulau Laut. Why advice? most likely in the area around the suggestion, the location of the central government of apanage land of Purabaya Prince which was then continued by his son Gusti Busu.

Picture 5. Location Road towards Peak and Peak of Saranjana
This second hypothesis, more inclined to the understanding that the Saranjana is not real. Its position is only as "collective memory". Gradually became the myth of "dream territory" or "fancy country" supporters' community. Therefore, this myth is developed until now. In Copyright © 2018, Yupa: Historical Studies Journal, p-ISSN 2541-6960, e-ISSN 2549-8754 myth, always depicted Saranjana indeed become a developed region.More advanced than the Kingdom of Banjar that there is indeed that era. There is no direct evidence (oral or written), who wrote this connection. Yet this "collective memory" that eventually became mind the fact is what is preserved and maintained today. Naturally, no one can describe in real terms, the side of reality. The reason, because it is from the beginning is a kind of collective memory that developed into a created myth.
Then, why is it on the map of Salomon Muller (1845)

CONCLUSION
Then, where is the near-truth conclusion? What is the first hypothesis that the Saranjana is the ethnic state of the Dayak Samihim Tribe? Or the second hypothesis that says that Saranjana (only) dreamland of Prince Purabaya? New data that will answer this. It is not possible, there is a hypothesis or other evidence that can reveal about the next suggestion. In this position, the author is not a judge who convicts historical truth and hypotheses about advice but provides an alternative. Readers who will be more judicious assess, analyze and conclude on their own.
Hypotheses are basically only temporary suspicions that are highly likely to change. Hopefully in the future could increase its status into a scientific theory. Closing question, what do you think?